The Rise of Napoleon - 2810 Words

US ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLLEGE The Army School System (TASS) US Army Command and General Staff School Command and General Staff Officer Course (CGSOC) Common Core H100: Rise of the Western Way of War Parallel Block H104: Armies of the People and the Birth of Modern Operational Art Reading H104RA The Rise of Napoleon by Thomas M. Huber Most of what we think of as modern military organization emerged in a paroxysm of conflict that rocked western Europe for twenty-four years from 1792 to 1815: the Napoleonic Wars. Some of the features of modern warfare were already present in Frederick the Great’s day—standing professional armies, an educated officer corps, modern ranks, and standardized regimental formations funded by the†¦show more content†¦The upshot was that Napoleon could control seven corps on the field more easily than Frederick could control one. Napoleon, invading Russia in 1812, added one more echelon, the army group, whereby one commander controlled a half million troops. Formations of this scale would only rarely be exceeded in modern times. When they have been exceeded, in Russia in 1941 to 1945 for example, this has happened through each side merely adding an echelon or two, but still relying on essentially the same Napoleonic principles of self-sufficient, multi-echelon organization. Multi-echelon strategic organization, something we take for granted in modern armies, emerged rapidly between 1789 and 1815. In its basic concept at least modern military organization has not changed much. Some other major institutional innovations were adopted by modern ground forces between 1815 and 1914, namely the general staff, the hierarchy of professional military schools, and the short-service rotational training army. These remarkable inventions, too, first were developed between 1789 and 1815, not by the French but by the Prussian army as it tried to cope with the enormity of the French challenge. Basic modern military organization at the company level and above was invented between 1789 and 1815 and has not changed fundamentallyShow MoreRelatedNapoleon s Rise Of Power1764 Words   |  8 Pages Napoleon’s Rise to Power Jack Knickrehm AP euro period 6 February 22, 2017 Hailed as one of the greatest rulers, military commanders and conquerors in the history of mankind, Napoleon Bonaparte transformed a continent, and made himself a household name and a universally admired icon, even two centuries later. As a French political leader and militaryRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Rise Of Napoleon1806 Words   |  8 Pagesinvestigation explores the question: How did Napoleon Bonaparte gain power and what improvements did he create in France during his reign? During Napoleon’s reign, he had made changes to the education system along with the changes he made in the French government. This investigation focuses on the post-French Revolution period and Napoleon’s rise to power. An evaluation of the first source will be on John C. Davenport’s The French Revolution and the Rise of Napoleon, published in 2011. The origin of thisRead MoreRise and Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte Essay1890 Words   |  8 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte’s rise to power consisted of many mistakes, wrong turns, and pitfalls, yet he managed to become head of the most powerful country in Europe at the age of thirty. During his formative years, his character was ambiguous and his intensions were often ill defined. He was, however, highly ambitious, and it was this that advanced his career and social status (Asprey). His most important and consistent aim was to create a French Empire and establish French dominance over Europe, whichRead MoreHow Far Does Luck Explain the Rise and Fall of Napoleon Bonaparte?3147 Words   |  13 PagesHow far does luck explain the rise and fall of Napoleon Bonaparte? Napoleon Bonaparte like many others rose to prominence during the turbulent times of the French revolution- he was therefore lucky to have been born at such a time in to justify his advancing position. However his reputation as a skilled tactician and strategist enabled him to initially capitalize on the reforms of the French Revolution to improve the lives of French citizens. Napoleon Bonaparte emerged as an important figure forRead MoreThe Weaknesses of the Directory Was the Main Reason for Napoleons Rise to Power1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe weaknesses of the directory was the main reason for Napoleons rise to power. Napoleon Bonaparte rose to the position of the most powerful man in France by the end of 1799. This occurred after the Coup of Brumaire during the 18/19th Brumaire of year 8, where Sieyà ¨s and Ducos, two directors, attempted to use Napoleon to overthrow the current government in order to create a new, better constitution. Napoleon, after making a speech to the council of ancients, then attempted to challenge theRead MoreThe Role of Propaganda in Animal Farm1255 Words   |  6 PagesRevolution, Orwell portrays the rise of a cruel dictatorship and the mistreatment of the general population under it. Like the Communist government in Russia, the government in Animal Farm employs the use of many manipulative tools, especially propaganda. Propaganda was used by the pigs throughout the book, deceiving many of the animals. As this story shows, propaganda can enable governments to bend people to any purpose. By spreading positive messages about Napoleon, persuading the animals thatRead MoreThe Importance Of The French Revolution777 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution was certainly one of the most important events in Europe’s political history and highlighted the importance of the new age of Enlightenment. The outcomes of the Revolution were many: its short comings led to the rise of the Napoleonic Regime and Robespierre’s reign through terror led other European revolutionaries to step back in fear. However, whilst the revolution failed to achieve all it had aimed to do; it did overthrow its monarchy, creating the first true European RepublicRead MoreGeorge Orwell‚Äà ´s Animal Farm: The Rise of Communism1207 Words   |  5 PagesOrwell effectively conveys the rise of communism in Russia throughout the book Animal Farm by the accurate elucidation of the context in the Soviet Union from 1917-1945. Orwell’s attitude and political view towards Russia is evident in his representation of the farm animals on Communist Party leader s: Napoleon and Snowball, for example, are figurations of Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky, respectively. He expresses the anthropomorphic characters of farm animals, and major events in Animal Farm suchRead MoreNapoleon Bonaparte Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesNapoleon Bonaparte has been called a hero by some and a villain by many others. He was the First Consul of France, then the emperor of France, and finally an outlaw. Napoleon had a meteoric rise to power in the late 18th century, and lasted to the early 19th century. He was able to rise to power through his great military victories and he was able to keep his power by fending off enemies in wars and with some reforms. Napoleon started his life good, but different than many French rulers. NapoleonRead MoreCauses Of The French Revolution911 Words   |  4 PagesThe French Revolution was a major turning point in all of European history. The old regime was destroyed and a new order came to be. We will talk about the causes of the revolution, when it ended, and if it was violent, Napoleon, what happened after his defeat, and some other leaders, and movies I have seen about the Revolution and how they were correct, plus other things I want to learn. The immediate cause of the French Revolution in 1789 was the near collapse of the French budget. On the

The Atom Essay Research Paper Many incredible free essay sample

The Atom Essay, Research Paper Many unbelievable theories about the construction of the atom arose during the bend of the twentieth century. Physicists from across the Earth searched for replies to so many unknown thoughts about the atom. Each clip a new thought came about the inquiries would non halt at that place. It would merely take to another hypothesis and hence lead to another pursuit to happen replies. Though the remainder of the universe was loath to encompass the new thoughts of the physicists of their clip, the theories developed were of import stairss in understanding the construction of the atom. Sir Joseph John Thomson ( J.J. Thomson ) discovered the negatron in 1897. His experiment consisted of a watercourse of negatrons, which he directed through an evacuated glass tubing at a fluorescent screen bring forthing a little pinpoint of visible radiation where the beam struck the screen. He placed a magnet on the side of the tubing and was able to debar the watercourse of electricity so that the point jumped downward. This find opened a door on the universe of subatomic natural philosophies. Physicists found his experiment stunning. The deconstruction of the atom into subatomic atoms had begun. Physicists now searched deeper. Ernest Rutherford paid close attending to the scientific discipline of radiation. He studied the mode in which alpha atoms scattered when fired at gilded foil. Rutherford asked the inquiry, # 8216 ; can alpha atoms be scattered though a big angle? # 8217 ; A research done by Ernest Marsden helped reply this inquiry. Since Rutherford had a steadfast appreciation of the sizes, velocities, and multitudes involved in atoms, Marsden # 8217 ; s experiment astonished him. Around Christmas 1910, Rutherford discovered the atomic karyon. He understood that is was positively charged since alpha atoms fired at it did a speedy u-turn when they got near the centre. From this, the unseeable universe turned into the physicists # 8217 ; chief sphere. With Albert Einstein # 8217 ; s theory of relativity, the stiff model of infinite and clip, which was the skeleton of classical natural philosophies, was destroyed. Einstein thought of the atom as a touchable object, while Rutherford believed it to be the karyon and its negatrons dancing an arcane minuet. With this theory, Rutherford pulled the carpet under the pess of the universe and stunned them. The inquiry that now arose was how the negatrons were arranged around the karyon. This is the job of modern atomic theory. It was concluded that Rutherford # 8217 ; s method was excessively barbarous. Alternatively, light beams were the substi tute. From Isaac Newton’s thought that light travels in atoms, a hundred old ages subsequently the theory had changed into the thought that light travels in moving ridges. The thought came from the phenomenon of destructive intervention. Waves can call off each other out, but atoms can non. Max Planck took this thought to its following degree. He was interested in colour and came up with the atom theory of visible radiation. Planck produced a expression for the relation between colour and temperature. He stated that a hot organic structure emits light and beaming heat in distinct packages of energy. This led to Planck’s Law and Planck’s invariable, which we still use today. In 1909, Einstein built on Planck’s find. He suggested that light comes from packages or atoms, which he called quanta. While Planck assumed that visible radiation is emitted by hot organic structures in the signifier of distinct packages, Einstein concluded that it ever consists of suc h packages. From this, colour, wavelength, frequence, and energy became about interchangeable constructs when depicting visible radiation. Alternatively of the term light quanta, Gilbert Newton Lewis changed the construct to photons. The first successful effort to depict the atom was done by Niels Bohr in 1913. He came up with the Bohr theoretical account, which he modeled after the planets go arounding around the Sun. This wasn # 8217 ; t adequate to finish his theoretical account so Bohr was forced to travel beyond the thought of the solar system. In his theoretical account, the orbits are set and the velocity and energy are easy to calculate. He concluded that the larger the orbit of an negatron is the higher its energy degree will be. Bohr # 8217 ; s theoretical account marked another victory for atomism. The construction of every physical phenomenon could be understood in footings of the gesture of atoms. But Bohr # 8217 ; s theory still left unreciprocated inquiries. In 1924, Louis de Broglie studied the relationship between frequence and energy. In his survey, he pictured an negatron as a moving ridge going through a narrow canal. If the canal were curved into a circle, it would self-destroy because of intervention. De Broglie farther explained Bohr # 8217 ; s theoretical account by utilizing the thought of wave-like nature. Bohr # 8217 ; s theoretical account used point atoms, but de Broglie # 8217 ; s theory was that it was both atom and moving ridge, a wave-particle. With this, de Broglie changed the universe # 8217 ; s image of the atom. Even though the universe was disbelieving about accepting the thoughts of these physicists, the thoughts that have developed from these heads have been historic. Without them, the atom # 8217 ; s construction would likely still be a enigma.

Innovation Design and Planning free essay sample

Design and Planning Innovation is the process of using ideas within a company to create new products, services, technology, or processes. Myths used to acknowledge that innovation was the idea of one individual with no support from others. In reality, innovative ideas that become new products and services require the support and knowledge of a significant amount of individuals. The individuals involved in the innovation process become involved in an array of business functions ranging from manufacturing, marketing, sales, and distribution. Companies will need employees with a diverse set of skills to develop, test, and commercialize the new products and services. Therefore, companies rely on â€Å"strong consistent processes and frameworks in order to manage, develop, and test ideas† (Phillips, 2011, p. 5). Before the innovation planning process can begin, management must provide a clear definition of the work to be completed, the individuals responsible for working within the different steps, and provide the defined workflow necessary for the teams to achieve and accomplish the tasks needed for the innovation to properly work. In the following report, the innovation planning and design process will be addressed. Further discussion will include an analysis of the internal and external factors influence on the innovation design process. Furthermore, a description of the steps needed for the innovation planning process will be addressed. A company’s strategies need constant adjustments to keep up with the changes in the economy. The management must consider the internal and external factors that affect the decision for best strategy. The following are internal factors and external factors that will â€Å"affect the choice of the innovation strategy and the shape of the portfolio- play-to-win or play-not-to-lose† (Davila, Epstein, amp; Shelton, 2006, p. 75). The internal factors include: * Technical capabilities: The current capabilities of the company will determine the amount of technology innovation the company is currently able to handle. * Organizational capabilities: This determines if the company is open to the process of using innovation. Innovation cannot be present if the organization and management do not have the necessary capabilities. Success of the current business model: The planning and design process can only be successful if the company could achieve success in the current business strategies. If failure is present, it becomes evident that future changes will also fail. * Funding: Adequate funding is necessary to support the change but too much funding can become a waste of resources. If there is not enough resource the innovation process cannot be completed. * Top management vision: The management will inadvertently determine the direction the company will go. It will become a deciding factor of which innovation strategy will best help the company to reach the goals and meet the requirements for the mission and company principles. The External factors include: * Capabilities in the external network: It is important that a company creates sustainable alliances inside and outside the organization. The partnerships are an important asset to the possibility of the innovation moving forward. * Industry structure: Understanding the barriers and obstacles within the industry will provide important inputs relative to the innovation strategy design. Analysis can indicate areas that may hold back the opportunities for the company to design new strategies based on innovative ideas. * Competition: The competition and the organization determine the shape innovation will have on the market. An organization must have the innovative abilities necessary to compete with current and new competitors entering the market. * Rate of technological change: It is important for a company to identify the effects of change on the company’s current products and services. It is vital for the company to change the technology used to keep up or stay ahead of the pack on a continual bases. According to Davila, Epstein, and Shelton (2006), â€Å"Internal factors are not the only formative forces; external forces can also shape the innovation strategy† (p. 77). Making aware of the internal and external factors can help to update and improve the innovation strategies the company uses. If the factors are made aware and followed, the factors will work hand-in-hand to support the company through the design and planning process of the innovation strategies. Equally important to the innovation process are the factors related to the innovation systems design. Factors that are analyzed include the creative phase, execution phase, and creation stage. In the creative stage, ideas come together for everyone to discuss. Next the innovation systems design will lead to the execution stage. During this stage, management will discuss and decide which idea will be the best to benefit and support the mission and principles of the company. Once a decision has been accomplished, the company moves to the creation stage. At this point, every detail will become compiled into the functions of daily business. Innovation systems are important for the sake of a company’s growth and success. Innovation processes will only become successful if everyone involved works and communicates the processes necessary to reach the determined goals and objectives. Innovation planning involves activities that are done to identify business mission, long-term objectives, opportunities and threats of the organization, determining alternative strategies and finally choosing the strategies that have to be adopted in order to achieve the company’s objectives (David, 1999). Before a company can begin the innovation planning process, common aspects of the process needs to be acknowledged. The company needs to recognize a few fundamentals that coincide with the planning of internal innovation: 1. The company must acknowledge the goals are for the purpose of leading and outperforming the market competition. Innovation is used to support and accompany the company’s overall strategic plans. 2. The internal innovation process must include many individuals who possess different capabilities. 3. Resources provide the means necessary for the innovation process to take place. It is important for a company to manage the resources in order for the company to acknowledge the capacity of innovation that can be handled. Once the dimensions have been recognized by management, a few steps will need to be followed in the planning process. Five specific activities are part of the innovation planning: setting vision, mission, goals and objectives, strategies, and tactics (White amp; Bruton, 2007, p. 102). Setting the vision is the initial step to the innovation process. A vision is a set direction in which management has decided to drive the company toward. Vision provides a clear focus on what he innovation plan will accomplish in the strategy of the company. Once the management has reached a clear vision, the company will begin developing the mission. The purpose of a mission statement is to describe what the vision does and how. The mission takes greater involvement to develop. The goal is to understand the meaning and to fulfill the mission statement. The mission statement helps to keep a focus as the planning and implementation process begins. The next stage in the process is to establish the objectives and goals of the company. The goals and objectives specify what innovations, among other things, the firm wishes to accomplish over the short and long-term (White amp;Bruton, 2007, p. 103). When the goals and objectives have been set, a strategy must be set to achieve the goals and objectives previously established. The strategy will determine the direction the company wishes to compete in. The final step to the innovation planning process is specifying the tactics and actions that will be necessary to achieve the goals and objectives of the company. In this step, management will determine the activities that will be conducted by individuals involved with the process. Each activity must help the company reach the goals; the goals succeed the mission, and the mission statement supports the company’s vision. It is vital that companies follow the necessary steps in an innovation planning process. To stay competitive and above other companies, innovation is necessary to the strategies a company will use. Understanding the internal and external factors will help in the designing of the innovative plans. The internal and external factors, if understood and followed, the strategy that will be set in motion will become supported. The use of a planning process is to help outline the vision, mission, goal and objectives, strategies, and tactics to achieve implementation of innovative products and services.

The Roaring 20s free essay sample

The roaring 20’s was an era of consumerism, leisure, and rebellion. The women of 1920 smoked, drank, danced, and voted. They cut their hair, wore make-up, and went to massive parties. They were called flappers. Young women did not date instead they waited until a proper young man showed interest with right intentions. Since nearly a whole generation of young men had died in the war, there was nearly a whole generation of young women without possible suitors. The biggest change was political. Many women believed that they had a right to have a part in politics, and they noticed that political decisions affected their daily lives. When the Nineteenth Amendment was passed in 1920 it gave women the right to vote. Women were active in politics in 1929, although they had little power; they were closer to actual political equality. The upper class had many new appliances and by having an appliance it showed your social status. We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring 20s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They also had servants to do their work and other chores. In middle-class homes, female family members were the main source of labor at the home they had electric appliances but they had to run them. The servants were hired to do only the difficult tasks. The position of the working class in Canada in 1920 was extremely difficult because of the permanent pressure from the part of employers and the government. Because of these challenges Canadian workers had started to organize unions at both local and national level and eventually created the CCF, the political party which stood for their interests at the top level of Canadian politics. Married working-class women were forced to work outside the home as housekeepers or in manufacturing industries. Most working-class women never had electrification or electric appliances. During the twentieth century a series of movements, many of them illegal were planned by officers of the Department of Indian Affairs to isolate reserve lands. This movement to take over reserve lands was continued in different form during World War I. The result of these assaults on western reserves was that, when native populations began to increase in the late 1920s or 1930s, the reserves were unable to support them. What followed, in the 1950s and 1960s, was a huge migration to western cities. Efforts to create a national political organization for Aboriginal people first began in Ontario and Quebec during WWI, when the American-based Council of Tribes began a brief campaign to expand into Canada. In 1919 the League of Indians of Canada was formed in Ontario by F. O. Loft. Lofts efforts in the early 1920s to bring western Aboriginal people into the league were surprisingly effective. In the 1920s 1. 2 million immigrants arrived in Canada. Immigration accounted for only 14 % of the total population growth. Part of the decline in immigration was the after-effect of the First World War. The Canadian government increased their permissions against certain immigrant groups. As well, the Canadian government continued to maintain their preference for would-be farmers, domestic servants and agricultural workers. In conclusion the roaring 20s was an appropriate name for the decade because a lot of things happened in Canada in 1920 because of the strong economic situation from WW1. There were many differences and changes in North America in the abundance of consumer goods being bought just because they could.